SAN MARINO
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SAN MARINO
@San Marino:Geography
Location: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references: Europe
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SAN MARINO - MAJOR CITIES
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Latitude, Internat'l Time
Population Longitude Phone Code Zone
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Serravalle 7,000 43.57N, 12.30E 39-549 GMT+1
SAN MARINO 4,000 43.55N, 12.28E 39-549 GMT+1
Borgo Maggiore N/A 43.56N, 12.27E 39-549 GMT+1
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Area:
total area: 60 sq km
land area: 60 sq km
comparative area: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total 39 km, Italy 39 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none; landlocked
International disputes: none
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
Natural resources: building stone
Land use:
arable land: 17%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 0%
forest and woodland: 0%
other: 83%
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Environment:
international agreements: NA
current issues: NA
natural hazards: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test
Ban; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution
Note: landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy
See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
@San Marino:People
Population: 24,313 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 16% (female 1,944; male 1,962)
15-64 years: 68% (female 8,243; male 8,354)
65 years and over: 16% (female 2,198; male 1,612) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.88% (1995 est.)
Birth rate: 10.98 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate: 7.61 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Net migration rate: 5.47 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 5.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 81.27 years
male: 77.26 years
female: 85.29 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.52 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic divisions: Sammarinese, Italian
Religions: Roman Catholic
Languages: Italian
Literacy: age 10 and over can read and write (1976)
total population: 96%
male: 97%
female: 95%
Labor force: 4,300 (est.)
by occupation: industry 42%, agriculture 3%
@San Marino:Government
Names:
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
Digraph: SM
Type: republic
Capital: San Marino
Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli, singular -
castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano,
Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Independence: 301 AD (by tradition)
National holiday: Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3
September
Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the
functions of a constitution
Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
co-chiefs of state: Captain Regent Marino BOLLINI and Captain Regent
Settimio LONFERNINI (for the period 1 April 1995-30 September 1995)
head of government: Secretary of State Gabriele GATTI (since July
1986)
cabinet: Congress of State
note: the popularly elected parliament (Great and General Council)
selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (Co-Chiefs
of State) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the
Great and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which
has ten other members, all selected by the Great and General Council;
assisting the Captains Regent are three Secretaries of State - Foreign
Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional
secretaries; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has come to
assume many of the prerogatives of a prime minister
Legislative branch: unicameral
Great and General Council: (Consiglio Grande e Generale) elections
last held 30 May 1993 (next to be held by NA May 1998); results - PDCS
41.4%, PSS 23.7%, PDP 18.6%, ADP 7.7%, MD 5.3%, RC 3.3%; seats - (60
total) PDCS 26, PSS 14, PDP 11, ADP 4, MD 3, RC 2
Judicial branch: Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)
Political parties and leaders: Christian Democratic Party (PDCS),
Cesare GASPERONI, secretary general; Democratic Progressive Party (PDP
- formerly San Marino Communist Party (PSS)), Stefano MACINA,
secretary general; San Marino Socialist Party (PSS), Maurizio RATTINI,
secretary general; Democratic Movement (MD), Emilio Della BALDA;
Popular Democratic Alliance (ADP); Communist Refoundation (RC),
Guiseppe AMICHI, Renato FABBRI; Moderate Group, Alvaro SELVA; Social
Democratic Party
Member of: CE, ECE, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM
(observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO,
WIPO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington and New York
honorary consulate(s): Detroit
US diplomatic representation: no mission in San Marino, but the Consul
General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino
Flag: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with
the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms
has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a
wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS
(Liberty)
Economy
Overview: The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1993 more
than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are
banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural
products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and
standard of living are comparable to those of Italy, which supplies
much of its food.
National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $380 million (1993
est.)
National product real growth rate: 2.4% (1993 est.)
National product per capita: $15,800 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.5% (1993)
Unemployment rate: 4.9% (December 1993)
Budget:
revenues: $275 million
expenditures: $275 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1992 est.)
Exports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy;
commodities: building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked
goods, hides, and ceramics
Imports: wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
External debt: $NA
Industrial production: growth rate NA%; accounts for 42% of labor
force
Electricity: supplied by Italy
Industries: tourism, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Agriculture: employs 3% of labor force; products - wheat, grapes,
maize, olives, meat, cheese, hides; small numbers of cattle, pigs,
horses
Economic aid: $NA
Currency: 1 Italian lire (Lit) = 100 centesimi; note - also mints its
own coins
Exchange rates: Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995),
1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991),
1,198.1 (1990)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@San Marino:Transportation
Railroads: 0 km
Highways:
total: 104 km
paved: NA
unpaved: NA
Ports: none
Airports: none
@San Marino:Communications
Telephone system: 11,700 telephones; automatic telephone system
completely integrated into Italian system
local: NA
intercity: NA
international: microwave and cable links into Italian networks; no
communication satellite facilities
Radio:
broadcast stations: AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
radios: NA
Television:
broadcast stations: NA; note - receives broadcasts from Italy
televisions: NA
@San Marino:Defense Forces
Branches: public security or police force
Defense expenditures: $3.7 million (1992 est.), 1% of GDP
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