NAMIBIA
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NAMIBIA
@Namibia:Geography
Location: Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between
Angola and South Africa
Map references: Africa
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NAMIBIA - MAJOR CITIES
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Latitude, Internat'l Time
Population Longitude Phone Code Zone
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WINDHOEK 115,000 22.34S, 17.06E 264-61 GMT+2
Tsumeb 13,000 19.13S, 17.42E 264-671 GMT+2
Keetmanshoop 11,000 26.36S, 18.08E 264-631 GMT+2
Otjiwarongo 9,000 20.29S, 16.36E 264-651 GMT+2
Luderitz 8,000 26.38S, 15.10E 264-6331 GMT+2
Swakopmund 7,000 22.40S, 14.34E 264-641 GMT+2
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Area:
total area: 825,418 sq km
land area: 825,418 sq km
comparative area: slightly more than half the size of Alaska
Land boundaries: total 3,824 km, Angola 1,376 km, Botswana 1,360 km,
South Africa 855 km, Zambia 233 km
Coastline: 1,572 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
International disputes: short section of boundary with Botswana is
indefinite; quadripoint with Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe is in
disagreement; dispute with Botswana over uninhabited Kasikili (
Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River remained unresolved in
mid-February 1995 and the parties agreed to refer the matter to the
International Court of Justice;
Climate: desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
Terrain: mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari
Desert in east
Natural resources: diamonds, copper, uranium, gold, lead, tin,
lithium, cadmium, zinc, salt, vanadium, natural gas, fish; suspected
deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore
Land use:
arable land: 1%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 64%
forest and woodland: 22%
other: 13%
Irrigated land: 40 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues: very limited natural fresh water resources;
desertification
natural hazards: prolonged periods of drought
international agreements: party to - Endangered Species, Law of the
Sea, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,
Climate Change
@Namibia:People
Population: 1,651,545 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 47% (female 384,885; male 394,216)
15-64 years: 50% (female 414,283; male 405,938)
65 years and over: 3% (female 26,783; male 25,440) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate: 3.44% (1995 est.)
Birth rate: 43.04 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate: 8.61 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 59.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 62.1 years
male: 59.37 years
female: 64.9 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate: 6.34 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Namibian(s)
adjective: Namibian
Ethnic divisions: black 86%, white 6.6%, mixed 7.4%
note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to
the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups include (with approximate
share of total population): Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian
4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%
Religions: 80%-90% Christian (50% Lutheran; at least 30% other
Christian denominations)
Languages: English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of most of
the population and about 60% of the white population, German 32%,
indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama
Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1960)
total population: 38%
male: 45%
female: 31%
Labor force: 500,000
by occupation: agriculture 60%, industry and commerce 19%, services
8%, government 7%, mining 6% (1981 est.)
@Namibia:Government
Names:
conventional long form: Republic of Namibia
conventional short form: Namibia
Digraph: WA
Type: republic
Capital: Windhoek
Administrative divisions: 13 districts; Erongo, Hardap, Karas, Khomas,
Kunene, Caprivi (Liambezi), Ohangwena, Okavango, Omaheke, Omusati,
Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa
Independence: 21 March 1990 (from South African mandate)
National holiday: Independence Day, 21 March (1990)
Constitution: ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government: President Sam NUJOMA (since 21
March 1990); election last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be held
NA); results - Sam NUJOMA elected president by popular vote
cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president from the National
Assembly
Legislative branch: bicameral legislature
National Council: elections last held 30 November-3 December 1992
(next to be held by December 1998); results - percent of vote by party
NA; seats - (26 total) SWAPO 19, DTA 6, UDF 1
National Assembly: elections last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be
held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (72 total)
SWAPO 53, DTA 15, UDF 2, MAG 1, DCN 1
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders: South West Africa People's Organization
(SWAPO), Sam NUJOMA; DTA of Namibia (formerly Democratic Turnhalle
Alliance) (DTA), Mishake MUYONGO; United Democratic Front (UDF),
Justus GAROEB; Federal Convention of Namibia (FCN), Kephics CONRUDIE;
Monitor Action Group (MAG), Kosie PRETORIUS; Workers Revolutionary
Party (WRP); Southwest African National Union (SWANU), Hitjevi VEII;
Democratic Coalition of Namibia (DCN), Moses KATJIUONGA
Other political or pressure groups: NA
Member of: ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS (associate), ILO, IMF, INTELSAT
(nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU,
SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Tuliameni KALOMOH
chancery: 1605 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 986-0540
FAX: [1] (202) 986-0443
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission: Ambassador Marshall F. McCALLIE
embassy: Ausplan Building, 14 Lossen St., Windhoek
mailing address: Private Bag 12029 Ausspannplatz, Windhoek
telephone: [264] (61) 221601
FAX: [264] (61) 229792
Flag: a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills the upper
left section, and an equal green triangle (solid) fills the lower
right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe that is
contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders
Economy
Overview: The economy is heavily dependent on the mining industry to
extract and process minerals for export. Mining accounts for almost
25% of GDP. Namibia is the fourth-largest exporter of nonfuel minerals
in Africa and the world's fifth-largest producer of uranium. Alluvial
diamond deposits are among the richest in the world, making Namibia a
primary source for gem-quality diamonds. Namibia also produces large
quantities of lead, zinc, tin, silver, and tungsten. More than half
the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence
agriculture) for its livelihood. Namibia must import some of its food.
National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $5.8 billion (1994
est.)
National product real growth rate: 5.8% (1994 est.)
National product per capita: $3,600 (1994 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 11% (1994)
Unemployment rate: 35% in urban areas (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $941 million
expenditures: $1.05 billion, including capital expenditures of $157
million (FY93/94)
Exports: $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities: diamonds, copper, gold, zinc, lead, uranium, cattle,
processed fish, karakul skins
partners: Switzerland, South Africa, Germany, Japan
Imports: $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum products and fuel, machinery and
equipment
partners: South Africa, Germany, US, Switzerland
External debt: about $385 million (1994 est.)
Industrial production: growth rate -14% (1993); accounts for 30% of
GDP, including mining
Electricity:
capacity: 406,000 kW
production: 1.29 billion kWh
consumption per capita: 658 kWh (1991)
Industries: meat packing, fish processing, dairy products, mining
(copper, lead, zinc, diamond, uranium)
Agriculture: accounts for 10% of GDP; livestock raising major source
of cash income; crops - millet, sorghum, peanuts; fish catch potential
of over 1 million metric tons not being fulfilled
Economic aid:
recipient: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-87), $47.2 million
Currency: 1 South African rand (R) = 100 cents
Exchange rates: South African rand (R) per US$1 - 3.539 (January
1995), 3.5489 (1994), 3.2678 (1993), 2.8497 (1992), 2.7653 (1991),
2.5863 (1990)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
@Namibia:Transportation
Railroads:
total: 2,341 km (single track)
narrow gauge: 2,341 km 1.067-m gauge
Highways:
total: 54,500 km
paved: 4,080 km
unpaved: gravel 2,540 km; earth 47,880 km (roads and tracks)
Ports: Luderitz, Walvis Bay
Merchant marine: none
Airports:
total: 135
with paved runways over 3,047 m: 2
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 3
with paved runways under 914 m: 20
with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 23
with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 70
@Namibia:Communications
Telephone system: 62,800 telephones; telephone density - 38/1,000
persons
local: good urban services
intercity: fair rural service; microwave radio relay links major
towns; connections to other populated places are by open wire
international: NA
Radio:
broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 40, shortwave 0
radios: NA
Television:
broadcast stations: 3
televisions: NA
@Namibia:Defense Forces
Branches: National Defense Force (Army), Police
Manpower availability: males age 15-49 348,380; males fit for military
service 206,684 (1995 est.)
Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $54 million, 2% of
GDP (FY93/94)
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