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HOLY SEE (VATICAN CITY)

@Holy See (vatican City):Geography

 Location: Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)

 Map references: Europe

 Area:
 total area: 0.44 sq km
 land area: 0.44 sq km
 comparative area: about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington,
 DC

 Land boundaries: total 3.2 km, Italy 3.2 km

 Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

 Maritime claims: none; landlocked

 International disputes: none

 Climate: temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to mid-May) with
 hot, dry summers (May to September)

 Terrain: low hill

 Natural resources: none

 Land use:
 arable land: 0%
 permanent crops: 0%
 meadows and pastures: 0%
 forest and woodland: 0%
 other: 100%

 Irrigated land: 0 sq km

 Environment:
 current issues: NA
 natural hazards: NA
 international agreements: signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution,
 Environmental Modification

 Note: urban; landlocked; enclave of Rome, Italy; world's smallest
 state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel
 Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights

@Holy See (vatican City):People

 Population: 830 (July 1995 est.)

 Population growth rate: 1.15% (1995 est.)

 Birth rate: NA

 Death rate: NA

 Net migration rate: NA

 Infant mortality rate: NA

 Life expectancy at birth: NA

 Total fertility rate: NA

 Nationality:
 noun: none
 adjective: none

 Ethnic divisions: Italians, Swiss

 Religions: Roman Catholic

 Languages: Italian, Latin, various other languages

 Labor force: NA
 by occupation: dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and 3,000 lay
 workers who live outside the Vatican

@Holy See (vatican City):Government

 Names:
 conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)
 conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City)
 local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)
 local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)

 Digraph: VT

 Type: monarchical-sacerdotal state

 Capital: Vatican City

 Independence: 11 February 1929 (from Italy)

 National holiday: Installation Day of the Pope, 22 October (1978)
 (John Paul II)
 note: Pope John Paul II was elected on 16 October 1978

 Constitution: Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1 March 1968)

 Legal system: NA

 Suffrage: limited to cardinals less than 80 years old

 Executive branch:
 chief of state: Pope JOHN PAUL II (Karol WOJTYLA; since 16 October
 1978); election last held 16 October 1978 (next to be held after the
 death of the current pope); results - Karol WOJTYLA was elected for
 life by the College of Cardinals
 head of government: Secretary of State Archbishop Angelo Cardinal
 SODANO (since NA 1991)
 cabinet: Pontifical Commission; appointed by Pope

 Legislative branch: unicameral Pontifical Commission

 Judicial branch: none; normally handled by Italy

 Political parties and leaders: none

 Other political or pressure groups: none (exclusive of influence
 exercised by church officers)

 Member of: IAEA, ICFTU, INTELSAT, IOM (observer), ITU, OAS (observer),
 OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, UPU, WIPO, WTO (observer)

 Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission: Apostolic Pro-Nuncio Archbishop Agostino
 CACCIAVILLAN
 chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
 telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121

 US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission: Ambassador Raymond L. FLYNN
 embassy: Via Delle Terme Deciane 26, Rome 00153
 mailing address: PSC 59, APO AE 09624
 telephone: [39] (6) 46741
 FAX: [39] (6) 6380159

 Flag: two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the
 crossed keys of Saint Peter and the papal miter centered in the white
 band

Economy

 Overview: This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially
 by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman Catholics
 throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos,
 fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The
 incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or
 somewhat better than, those of counterparts who work in the city of
 Rome.

 Budget:
 revenues: $169 million
 expenditures: $167.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
 (1993)

 Electricity:
 capacity: 5,000 kW standby
 production: power supplied by Italy
 consumption per capita: NA kWh (1992)

 Industries: printing and production of a small amount of mosaics and
 staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities

 Currency: 1 Vatican lira (VLit) = 100 centesimi

 Exchange rates: Vatican lire (VLit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995),
 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991),
 1,198.1 (1990); note - the Vatican lira is at par with the Italian
 lira which circulates freely

 Fiscal year: calendar year

@Holy See (vatican City):Transportation

 Railroads:
 total: 862 meters; note - connects to Italy's network at Rome's Saint
 Peter's station
 narrow gauge: 862 meters 1.435-m gauge

 Highways: none; all city streets

 Ports: none

 Airports: none

@Holy See (vatican City):Communications

 Telephone system: 2,000 telephones; automatic exchange
 local: NA
 intercity: tied into Italian system
 international: uses Italian system

 Radio:
 broadcast stations: AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 0
 radios: NA

 Television:
 broadcast stations: 0
 televisions: NA

@Holy See (vatican City):Defense Forces

 Note: defense is the responsibility of Italy; Swiss Papal Guards are
 posted at entrances to the Vatican City


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