ANDORRA
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ANDORRA
@Andorra:Geography
Location: Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references: Europe
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ANDORRA - MAJOR CITIES
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Latitude, Internat'l Time
Population Longitude Phone Code Zone
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ANDORRA LA VELLA 18,000 42.30N, 1.30E 33-628 GMT+1
Les Escaldes 12,000 42.30N, 1.32E 33-628 GMT+1
Canillo N/A 42.33N, 1.36E 33-628 GMT+1
Encamp N/A 42.32N, 1.35E 33-628 GMT+1
La Massana N/A 42.32N, 1.31E 33-628 GMT+1
Ordino N/A 42.33N, 1.32E 33-628 GMT+1
Sant Julia N/A 42.28N, 1.30E 33-628 GMT+1
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Area:
total area: 450 sq km
land area: 450 sq km
comparative area: slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington,
DC
Land boundaries: total 125 km, France 60 km, Spain 65 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none; landlocked
International disputes: none
Climate: temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Terrain: rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Natural resources: hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Land use:
arable land: 2%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 56%
forest and woodland: 22%
other: 20%
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Environment:
current issues: deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows
contributes to soil erosion
natural hazards: snowslides, avalanches
international agreements: NA
Note: landlocked
@Andorra:People
Population: 65,780 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 18% (female 5,503; male 5,985)
15-64 years: 70% (female 21,873; male 24,334)
65 years and over: 12% (female 4,020; male 4,065) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.72% (1995 est.)
Birth rate: 12.92 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate: 7.25 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Net migration rate: 21.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 7.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 78.52 years
male: 75.65 years
female: 81.66 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.72 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran
Ethnic divisions: Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3%
Religions: Roman Catholic (predominant)
Languages: Catalan (official), French, Castilian
Literacy: NA%
Labor force: NA
@Andorra:Government
Names:
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra
Digraph: AN
Type: parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its
heads of state a co-principality; the two princes are the president of
France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally
by officials called veguers
Capital: Andorra la Vella
Administrative divisions: 7 parishes (parroquies, singular -
parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes,
Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Independence: 1278
National holiday: Mare de Deu de Meritxell, 8 September
Constitution: Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in
1991; adopted 14 March 1993
Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial
review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chiefs of state: French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May
1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre COURTOIS (since
NA); note - COURTOIS is to become French ambassador to Libreville and
his replacement has not been announced; Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince
Mgr. Juan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Veguer
Episcopal Francesc BADIA Bata (since NA); two permanent delegates
(French Prefect Pierre STEINMETZ for the department of
Pyrenees-Orientales, since NA, and Spanish Vicar General Nemesi
MARQUES Oste for the Seo de Urgel diocese, since NA)
head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE (since 21
December 1994) elected by Parliament, following resignation of Oscar
RIBAS Reig
cabinet: Executive Council; designated by the executive council
president
Legislative branch: unicameral
General Council of the Valleys: (Consell General de las Valls);
elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA); yielded no
clear winner; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (28
total) number of seats by party NA
Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan (France) for
civil cases, the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop of Seo de Urgel
(Spain) for civil cases, Tribunal of the Courts (Tribunal des Cortes)
for criminal cases
Political parties and leaders: National Democratic Group (AND), Oscar
RIBAS Reig and Jordi FARRAS; Liberal Union (UL), Francesc CERQUEDA;
New Democracy (ND), Jaume BARTOMEU; Andorran National Coalition (CNA),
Antoni CERQUEDA; National Democratic Initiative (IDN), Vincenc MATEU;
Liberal Union (UL), Marc FORNE
note: there are two other small parties
Member of: ECE, IFRCS (associate), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, UN, UNESCO
Diplomatic representation in US: Andorra has no mission in the US
US diplomatic representation: Andorra is included within the Barcelona
(Spain) Consular District, and the US Consul General visits Andorra
periodically
Flag: three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red
with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat
of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and
Romania that do not have a national coat of arms in the center
Economy
Overview: Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's economy, accounts for
roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 13 million tourists visit annually,
attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter
resorts. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also
contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is
limited by a scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be
imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising.
Manufacturing consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture.
Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union; it is unclear what effect
the European Single Market will have on the advantages Andorra obtains
from its duty-free status.
National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $760 million (1992
est.)
National product real growth rate: NA%
National product per capita: $14,000 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
Unemployment rate: 0%
Budget:
revenues: $138 million
expenditures: $177 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1993)
Exports: $30 million (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities: electricity, tobacco products, furniture
partners: France, Spain
Imports: $NA
commodities: consumer goods, food
partners: France, Spain
External debt: $NA
Industrial production: growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity: 35,000 kW
production: 140 million kWh
consumption per capita: 2,570 kWh (1992)
Industries: tourism (particularly skiing), sheep, timber, tobacco,
banking
Agriculture: sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat,
barley, oats, and some vegetables
Economic aid: none
Currency: 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes; 1 peseta (Pta) = 100
centimos; the French and Spanish currencies are used
Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995),
5,5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453
(1990); Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 132.61 (January 1995),
133.96 (1994), 127.26 (1993), 102.38 (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93
(1990)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Andorra:Transportation
Railroads: 0 km
Highways:
total: 96 km
paved: NA
unpaved: NA
Ports: none
Airports: none
@Andorra:Communications
Telephone system: 17,700 telephones; digital microwave network
local: NA
intercity: NA
international: landline circuits to France and Spain
Radio:
broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0
radios: NA
Television:
broadcast stations: 0
televisions: NA
@Andorra:Defense Forces
Note: defense is the responsibility of France and Spain